The battery pack is the most important component of an energy storage system, with the cost of the battery cells accounting for almost 50% of the system's total cost. Its lifespan also impacts the lifespan of the entire energy storage system.
A key factor influencing battery lifespan is the number of charge and discharge cycles.
Energy storage cells on the market typically use lithium iron phosphate cells, which have a cycle lifespan of approximately 6,000 to 8,000 cycles.
If a full charge and discharge cycle is performed twice daily, excluding holidays and counting as 300 days per year, a total of 600 cycles is used.
For example, 6,000 cycles gives a lifespan of approximately 10 years.
For example, 8,000 cycles gives a lifespan of approximately 13 years.
Furthermore, after a battery pack reaches a certain number of charge and discharge cycles, only the capacity changes. For example, a 200 kWh battery may have a capacity of 160 kWh, but the battery remains operational and safe.
In addition, temperature and the battery management system (BMS) also play a significant role in the lifespan of a battery cell.
